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	<title>Friedrich Schleiermacher - Lịch sử thay đổi</title>
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Trang mới&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Infobox philosopher&lt;br /&gt;
| region = [[Triết học phương Tây]]&lt;br /&gt;
| era = Thế kỷ 18/19&lt;br /&gt;
| image = Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher.jpg&lt;br /&gt;
| caption = Friedrich Schleiermacher&lt;br /&gt;
| name = Friedrich Schleiermacher&lt;br /&gt;
| birth_date = {{birth date|1768|11|21}}&lt;br /&gt;
| birth_place = [[Breslau]], [[Silesia]], [[Vương quốc Phổ|Phổ]]&lt;br /&gt;
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1834|2|12|1768|11|21}}&lt;br /&gt;
| death_place = [[Berlin]], [[Tỉnh Brandenburg|Brandenburg]], [[Vương quốc Phổ|Phổ]]&lt;br /&gt;
| alma_mater = [[Đại học Halle]] (1787–90)&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.sammlungen.hu-berlin.de/dokumente/232/ Biografie, Friedrich Schleiermacher]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| institutions = [[Đại học Halle]] (1804–07)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[[Đại học Humboldt Berlin|Đại học Berlin]] (1810–1834)&lt;br /&gt;
| school_tradition = [[German Idealism]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Kristin Gjesdal, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Gadamer and the Legacy of German Idealism&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Cambridge University Press, 2012, p. 156.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[[Jena Romanticism]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Paola Mayer, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Jena Romanticism and Its Appropriation of Jakob Böhme&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, McGill-Queen&amp;#039;s University Press, 1999, p. 101.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[[Berlin Romanticism]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Helmut Thielicke, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Modern Faith and Thought&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, William B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1990, p. 174.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[[Romantic hermeneutics]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Kurt Mueller-Vollmer (ed.), [https://books.google.com/books?id=CXY_h9rkUSUC&amp;amp;dq= &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Hermeneutics Reader&amp;#039;&amp;#039;], Continuum, 1988, p. 72.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| main_interests = [[Thần học]], [[tâm lý học]], [[đạo đức học]], [[biện chứng]] ([[logic]] và [[siêu hình học]]), [[Chính trị]]&lt;br /&gt;
| influences = [[Immanuel Kant]], [[Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel|K. W. F. Schlegel]], [[Johann Gottlieb Fichte|J. G. Fichte]], [[Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling|F. W. J. Schelling]], [[Johann August Ernesti]],&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Anthony C. Thiselton, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;New Horizons in Hermeneutics: The Theory and Practice of Transforming Biblical Reading&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Harper Collins, 1997, p. 214.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Friedrich Ast]],&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Hermen&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Friedrich Schleiermacher, &amp;quot;Ueber&amp;lt;!--[sic]--&amp;gt; den Begriff der Hermeneutik mit Bezug auf F. A. Wolfs Andeutungen und Asts Lehrbuch&amp;quot;, lecture delivered on ngày 13 tháng 8 năm 1829; published in &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Friedrich Schleiermachers sämtliche Werke&amp;#039;&amp;#039; III/3, 1838 (Schleiermacher makes reference to Ast&amp;#039;s &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Grundlinien der Grammatik, Hermeneutik und Kritik&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (1808) and Wolf&amp;#039;s &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Vorlesungen über die Enzyklopädie der Altertumswissenschaft&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (1831)); Richard E. Palmer, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Hermeneutics&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Northwestern University Press, 1969, ch. 6.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Friedrich August Wolf]],&amp;lt;ref name=Hermen/&amp;gt; [[Johann Gottfried Herder]],&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Michael N. Forster, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;After Herder: Philosophy of Language in the German Tradition&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Oxford University Press, 2010, p. 9.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Baruch Spinoza]], [[Plato]]&lt;br /&gt;
| influenced = [[Wilhelm Dilthey]], [[Karl Barth]], [[August Böckh]], [[Rudolf Bultmann]], [[Paul Tillich]], [[Albrecht Ritschl]], [[Friedrich Ueberweg]], [[Hans-Georg Gadamer]], [[Manfred Frank]], [[Antoine Berman]], [[Heinrich Ritter]], [[Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Frederick C. Beiser]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=7ihoAgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;dq= &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Late German Idealism: Trendelenburg and Lotze&amp;#039;&amp;#039;], Oxford University Press, 2013, p. 20.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;German: &amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;IPA&amp;quot; title=&amp;quot;Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[ˈʃlaɪɐˌmaχɐ]&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;; [[21 tháng 11]] năm [[1768]] - [[12 tháng 2]] năm [[1834]]) là một [[Thần học|nhà thần học]], [[Nhà triết học|triết gia]], và học giả Kinh thánh người Đức. Ông nổi tiếng vì nỗ lực hòa giải những chỉ trích của [[Thời kỳ Khai sáng]] đối với [[Tin Lành]] cổ điển. Ông cũng có ảnh hưởng lớn đến sự phát triển của ngành phê bình lịch sử. Các tác phẩm của ông là một phần của nền tảng lĩnh vực [[thông diễn học]] hiện đại. Do ảnh hưởng sâu sắc của ông đến tư tưởng Kitô giáo sau đó, ông thường được gọi là &amp;quot;Cha đẻ của thần học tự do hiện đại&amp;quot; và được coi là một nhà lãnh đạo trong Kitô giáo tự do giai đoạn đầu. Các phong trào Neo-Chính thống giáo của thế kỷ XX, thường (mặc dù không phải không có thách thức) với Karl Barth đi đầu, là một trong nhiều nỗ lực thách thức ảnh hưởng của Schleiermacher.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Chú thích ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{tham khảo|30em}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Tham khảo ==&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;lt;span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span&amp;gt;[[Tập tin:Wikisource-logo.svg|liên kết=|13x13px]]&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;cite class=&amp;quot;citation encyclopaedia&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). &amp;lt;/cite&amp;gt;&amp;lt;cite class=&amp;quot;citation encyclopaedia&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;quot;[[wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Schleiermacher, Friedrich Daniel Ernst|Schleiermacher, Friedrich Daniel Ernst]]&amp;quot;. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Encyclopædia Britannica&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (11th ed.). &amp;lt;/cite&amp;gt;&amp;lt;cite class=&amp;quot;citation encyclopaedia&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Cambridge University Press.&amp;lt;/cite&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;Z3988&amp;quot; title=&amp;quot;ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriedrich+Schleiermacher&amp;amp;rft.atitle=Schleiermacher%2C+Friedrich+Daniel+Ernst&amp;amp;rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;amp;rft.date=1911&amp;amp;rft.edition=11th&amp;amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Heinrich Fink: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Begründung der Funktion der Praktischen Theologie bei Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher: Eine Untersuchung anhand seiner praktisch-theologischen Vorlesungen.&amp;#039;&amp;#039; Berlin 1966 (Berlin, Humboldt-U., Theol. F., Diss. v. 25. Jan. 1966) [master&amp;#039;s thesis]&lt;br /&gt;
* Wilhelm Dilthey: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Leben Schleiermachers&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, ed. M. Redeker, Berlin 1966&lt;br /&gt;
* Falk Wagner: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Schleiermachers Dialektik. Eine kritische Interpretation&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Gütersloh 1974&lt;br /&gt;
* Brian A. Gerrish: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;A Prince of the Church. Schleiermacher and the Beginnings of Modern Theology&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, London / Philadelphia 1984&lt;br /&gt;
* Kurt-Victor Selge (ed.): &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Internationaler Schleiermacher-Kongreß Berlin 1984&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (Zwei Teilbände), Berlin / New York 1985&lt;br /&gt;
* Günter Meckenstock: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Deterministische Ethik und kritische Theologie. Die Auseinandersetzung des frühen Schleiermacher mit Kant und Spinoza 1789–1794&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Berlin / New York 1988&lt;br /&gt;
* Hans-Joachim Birkner: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Schleiermacher-Studien.&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (Schleiermacher-Archiv. Band 16), Berlin / New York 1996&lt;br /&gt;
* Julia A. Lamm: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Living God: Schleiermacher&amp;#039;s Theological Appropriation of Spinoza&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, University Park, Pennsylvania 1996&lt;br /&gt;
* Ulrich Barth / Claus-Dieter Osthövener (Hg.), &amp;#039;&amp;#039;200 Jahre &amp;quot;Reden über die Religion&amp;quot;. Akten des 1. Internationalen Kongresses der Schleiermacher-Gesellschaft&amp;#039;&amp;#039; Halle, 14.–17. March 1999 (Schleiermacher Archiv 19), Berlin / New York 2000&lt;br /&gt;
* Kurt Nowak: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Schleiermacher. Leben, Werk und Wirkung&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck &amp;amp; Ruprecht, 2001.&lt;br /&gt;
* Matthias Wolfes: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Öffentlichkeit und Bürgergesellschaft. Friedrich Schleiermachers politische Wirksamkeit&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Berlin / New York 2004&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;lt;cite class=&amp;quot;citation book&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Lundberg, Phillip (2005). &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Tallyho – The Hunt for Virtue: Beauty, Truth and Goodness – Nine Dialogues by Plato&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. AuthorHouse. &amp;lt;/cite&amp;gt;&amp;lt;cite class=&amp;quot;citation book&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{ISBN|1-4184-4976-8}}.&amp;lt;/cite&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;Z3988&amp;quot; title=&amp;quot;ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriedrich+Schleiermacher&amp;amp;rft.aufirst=Phillip&amp;amp;rft.aulast=Lundberg&amp;amp;rft.btitle=Tallyho+%93+The+Hunt+for+Virtue%3A+Beauty%2C+Truth+and+Goodness+%93+Nine+Dialogues+by+Plato&amp;amp;rft.date=2005&amp;amp;rft.genre=book&amp;amp;rft.isbn=1-4184-4976-8&amp;amp;rft.pub=AuthorHouse&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Christof Ellsiepen: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Anschauung des Universums und Scientia Intuitiva. Die spinozistischen Grundlagen von Schleiermachers früher Religionstheorie&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Berlin / New York 2006&lt;br /&gt;
* Walter Wyman, Jr.: &amp;quot;The Role of the Protestant Confessions in Schleiermacher&amp;#039;s The Christian Faith&amp;quot;. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Journal of Religion&amp;#039;&amp;#039; 87:355–385, July 2007&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Christentum – Staat – Kultur. Akten des Kongresses der Internationalen Schleiermacher-Gesellschaft in Berlin, March 2006.&amp;#039;&amp;#039; Hrsg. von Andreas Arndt, Ulrich Barth and Wilhelm Gräb (Schleiermacher-Archiv 22), De Gruyter: Berlin / New York 2008&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sách tham khảo ==&lt;br /&gt;
; Tiếng Anh&lt;br /&gt;
* Barth, Karl. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Theology of Schleiermacher&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. trans. Geoffrey Bromiley. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1982.&lt;br /&gt;
* Barth, Karl. &amp;quot;Schleiermacher,&amp;quot; in &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[iarchive:protestantthough013180mbp|Protestant Theology from Rousseau to Ritschl]].&amp;#039;&amp;#039; New York: Harper, 1959. Ch. VIII, pp.&amp;amp;nbsp;306–354.&lt;br /&gt;
* Brandt, R. B. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Philosophy of Schleiermacher: The Development of his Theory of Scientific and Religious Knowledge&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. Westport, CT: 1968.&lt;br /&gt;
* Crouter, Richard. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Friedrich Schleiermacher: Between Enlightenment and Romanticism&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 2008.&lt;br /&gt;
* Gadamer, Hans-Georg. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Truth and Method&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, 2nd revised ed. tr. Joel Weinsheimer and Donald. Marshall. New York: Continuum, 1994.&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;lt;cite class=&amp;quot;citation journal&amp;quot; id=&amp;quot;CITEREFKenklies2012&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Kenklies, K. (2012). &amp;quot;Educational theory as topological rhetoric. The concepts of pedagogy of Johann Friedrich Herbart and Friedrich Schleiermacher&amp;quot;. &amp;lt;/cite&amp;gt;&amp;lt;cite class=&amp;quot;citation journal&amp;quot; id=&amp;quot;CITEREFKenklies2012&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Studies in Philosophy and Education&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;31&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: 265–273. [[DOI|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/s11217-012-9287-6|10.1007/s11217-012-9287-6]].&amp;lt;/cite&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span class=&amp;quot;Z3988&amp;quot; title=&amp;quot;ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFriedrich+Schleiermacher&amp;amp;rft.atitle=Educational+theory+as+topological+rhetoric.+The+concepts+of+pedagogy+of+Johann+Friedrich+Herbart+and+Friedrich+Schleiermacher&amp;amp;rft.aufirst=K.&amp;amp;rft.aulast=Kenklies&amp;amp;rft.date=2012&amp;amp;rft.genre=article&amp;amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs11217-012-9287-6&amp;amp;rft.jtitle=Studies+in+Philosophy+and+Education&amp;amp;rft.pages=265-273&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;amp;rft.volume=31&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Kenklies, Karsten. &amp;quot;Schleiermacher, Friedrich Daniel Ernst&amp;quot;. In &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Encyclopedia of Educational Theory and Philosophy&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. Edited by D.C. Phillips. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, 2014, pp.&amp;amp;nbsp;733–735.&lt;br /&gt;
* Kirn, O. &amp;quot;Schleiermacher, Friedrich Daniel Ernst.&amp;quot; &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[iarchive:newschaffherzog15haucgoog|The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. Vol. X. New York: Funk and Wagnalls, 1911. pp.&amp;amp;nbsp;240–246.&lt;br /&gt;
* Mariña, Jacqueline, ed. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Cambridge Companion to Schleiermacher&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.&lt;br /&gt;
* Munro, Robert. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[iarchive:schleiermacherpe00munrrich|Schleiermacher: Personal and Speculative]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. Paisley: A. Gardner, 1903.&lt;br /&gt;
* Niehbuhr, Richard R. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Schleiermacher on Christ and Religion: A New Introduction&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. New York: Scribners, 1964.&lt;br /&gt;
* Park, Jae-Eun. &amp;quot;[https://www.academia.edu/15475404/_Schleiermachers_Perspective_on_Redemption_A_Fulfillment_of_the_coincidentia_oppositorum_between_the_Finite_and_the_Infinite_in_Participation_with_Christ._Journal_of_Reformed_Theology_9_3_2015_270-294 Schleiermacher&amp;#039;s Perspective on Redemption: A Fulfillment of the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;coincidentia oppositorum&amp;#039;&amp;#039; between the Finite and the Infinite in Participation with Christ.]&amp;quot; &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Journal of Reformed Theology&amp;#039;&amp;#039; 9/3 (2015): 270-294.&lt;br /&gt;
* Selbie, W. E. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[iarchive:schleiermacherac003170mbp|Schleiermacher: A Critical and Historical Study]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. New York: Dutton, 1913.&lt;br /&gt;
* Kerber, Hannes. &amp;quot;Strauss and Schleiermacher. An Introduction to &amp;#039;Exoteric Teaching&amp;quot;. In &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Reorientation: Leo Strauss in the 1930s&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. Edited by Martin D. Yaffe and Richard S. Ruderman. New York: Palgrave, 2014, pp.&amp;amp;nbsp;203–214.&lt;br /&gt;
; Tiếng Pháp&lt;br /&gt;
* Berman, Antoine. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;L&amp;#039;épreuve de l&amp;#039;étranger. Culture et traduction dans l&amp;#039;Allemagne romantique: Herder, Goethe, Schlegel, Novalis, Humboldt, Schleiermacher, Hölderlin&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Paris, Gallimard, Essais, 1984. ISBN 978-2-07-070076-9&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Liên kết ngoài ==&lt;br /&gt;
* {{Thể loại Commons nội dòng|Friedrich Schleiermacher}}&lt;br /&gt;
* {{Wikiquote-inline}}&lt;br /&gt;
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Friedrich Schleiermacher}}&lt;br /&gt;
* {{Librivox author |id=6614}}&lt;br /&gt;
* {{cite SEP |url-id=schleiermacher |title=Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher}}&lt;br /&gt;
* {{worldcat id|id=lccn-n80-32769}}&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.infography.com/content/708444911385.html Thông tin về Friedrich Schleiermacher] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080201060617/http://www.infography.com/content/708444911385.html |date=2008-02-01 }}&lt;br /&gt;
* {{Cite Americana|last=Böhme |first=Traugott |wstitle=Schleiermacher, Friedrich Ernst Daniel|year=1920 |short=x}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{DEFAULTSORT:Schleiermacher, Friedrich}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thể loại:Sinh năm 1768]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thể loại:Mất năm 1834]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thể loại:Triết gia thế kỷ 18]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thể loại:Triết gia thế kỷ 19]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thể loại:Nhà triết học Kitô giáo]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thể loại:Triết gia thời kỳ Khai sáng]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thể loại:Nhà triết học Đức]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thể loại:Người Wrocław]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thể loại:Nhà văn Đức thế kỷ 19]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thể loại:Thời kỳ Khai sáng]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thể loại:Nam nhà văn Đức]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thể loại:Nhà bản thể học]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>imported&gt;TheSecondFunnyYellowBot</name></author>
	</entry>
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