https://wikibeta.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Parodia Parodia - Lịch sử thay đổi 2026-08-10T07:57:06Z Lịch sử thay đổi trang này trên wiki MediaWiki 1.46.0 https://wikibeta.org/index.php?title=Parodia&diff=5572874&oldid=prev imported>Plantaest: Thay NavFrame bằng mw-collapsible (via JWB) 2024-12-16T16:26:33Z <p>Thay NavFrame bằng mw-collapsible (via JWB)</p> <p><b>Trang mới</b></p><div>{{italic title}}<br /> {{Bảng phân loại<br /> | name = &#039;&#039;Parodia&#039;&#039;<br /> | image = Notocactus Magnificus, Huntington Desert Garden.jpg<br /> | image_caption = &#039;&#039;[[Parodia magnifica]],&#039;&#039; [[Huntington Desert Garden]]<br /> | regnum = [[Thực vật|Plantae]]<br /> | unranked_divisio = [[Angiospermae]]<br /> | unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]<br /> | unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]]<br /> | ordo = [[Caryophyllales]]<br /> | familia = [[Cactaceae]]<br /> | subfamilia = [[Cactoideae]]<br /> | tribus = [[Notocacteae]]<br /> | genus = &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;Parodia&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;<br /> | genus_authority = [[Speg.]]<br /> | synonyms = <br /> | <br /> }}<br /> &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;Parodia&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039; là một chi [[thực vật có hoa]] trong họ [[Cactaceae]], có mặt tại các vùng cao nguyên ở [[Argentina]], [[Peru]], [[Bolivia]], [[Brazil]], [[Colombia]] và [[Uruguay]]. Chi này có hơn 50 [[loài]], một số được nhập về từ các chi khác như &#039;&#039;[[Eriocactus]]&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;[[Notocactus]]&#039;&#039; và &#039;&#039;[[Wigginsia]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;ref name=RHSAZ&gt;{{chú thích sách|title=RHS A–Z encyclopedia of garden plants|url=https://archive.org/details/azencyclopediaof0000unse|year=2008|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|location=United Kingdom|isbn=1405332964|pages=1136}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Chi này được đặt tên theo [[Domingo Parodi]].<br /> <br /> ==Danh pháp đồng nghĩa==<br /> *&#039;&#039;Acanthocephala&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;[[Backeb.]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> *&#039;&#039;Brasilicactus&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;[[Backeb.]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> *&#039;&#039;Brasiliparodia&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;[[F.Ritter]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> *&#039;&#039;Brasilocactus&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;[[Alberto Vojtech Frič|Fric]]&lt;/small&gt; (nom. inval.)<br /> *&#039;&#039;Chrysocactus&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;[[Y.Itô]]&lt;/small&gt; (nom. inval.)<br /> *&#039;&#039;Dactylanthocactus&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;[[Y.Itô]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> *&#039;&#039;Eriocactus&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;[[Backeb.]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> *&#039;&#039;Eriocephala&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;[[Backeb.]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> *&#039;&#039;Friesia&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;[[Alberto Vojtech Frič|Fric]]&lt;/small&gt; (nom. inval.)<br /> *&#039;&#039;Hickenia&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;[[Nathaniel Lord Britton|Britton]] &amp; [[Joseph Nelson Rose|Rose]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> *&#039;&#039;Jauhisoparodia&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;[[Gabriel Blackhat|Blackhat]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> *&#039;&#039;Malacocarpus&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;[[Joseph zu Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck|Salm-Dyck]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> *&#039;&#039;Microspermia&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;[[Alberto Vojtech Frič|Fric]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> *&#039;&#039;Neohickenia&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;[[Alberto Vojtech Frič|Fric]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> *&#039;&#039;Notocactus&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;([[K.Schum.]]) [[Alberto Vojtech Frič|Fric]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> *&#039;&#039;Sericocactus&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;[[Y.Itô]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> *&#039;&#039;Wigginsia&#039;&#039; &lt;small&gt;[[D.M.Porter]]&lt;/small&gt;<br /> ==Các loài==<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;display:block&quot; class=&quot;BoxenVerschmelzen&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;clear:both; display:block&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;div&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;Các loài trong chi &#039;&#039;Parodia&#039;&#039; theo ghi nhận của Anderson (2005)<br /> &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> {|width=&quot;100%&quot;<br /> |- valign=&quot;top&quot;<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; |<br /> * Phân chi &#039;&#039;Parodia&#039;&#039;<br /> ** Nhóm &#039;&#039;Parodia&#039;&#039; s.str.<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia aureicentra]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia ayopayana]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia chrysacanthion]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia columnaris]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia comarapana]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia commutans]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia formosa]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia hausteiniana]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia maassii]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia microsperma]]&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. m.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;microsperma&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. m.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;horrida&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia nivosa]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia ocampoi]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia penicillata]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia pilayaensis]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia procera]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia ritteri]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia saint-pieana]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia schwebsiana]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia stuemeri]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia subterranea]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia taratensis]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia tilcarensis]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia tuberculata]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia uhligiana]]&#039;&#039;<br /> ** Nhóm &#039;&#039;Notocactus&#039;&#039; (=&#039;&#039;Notocactus&#039;&#039; s.str. + Wigginsia)<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia allosiphon]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia arnostiana]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia buiningii]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia carambeiensis]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia concinna]]&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. c.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;concinna&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. c.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;agnetae&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. c.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;blaauwiana&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia crassigibba]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia curvispina]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia erinacea]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia erubescens]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia fusca]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia herteri]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia horstii]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia langsdorfii]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia linkii]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia mammulosa]]&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. m.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;mammulosa&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. m.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;brasiliensis&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. m.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;erythracantha&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. m.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;eugeniae&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. m.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;submammulosa&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia meonacantha]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia mueller-melchersii]]&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. m.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;mueller-melchersii&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. m.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;gutierrezii&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. m.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;winkleri&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia muricata]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia neoarechavaletae]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia neohorstii]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia nothominuscula]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia nothorauschii]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia ottonis]]&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. o.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;ottonis&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. o.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;horstii&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia oxycostata]]&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. o.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;oxycostata&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. o.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;gracilis&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia permutata]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia rudibuenekeri]]&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. r.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;rudibuenekeri&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. r.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;glomerata&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia rutilans]]&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. r.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;rutilans&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. r.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;veeniana&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia scopa]]&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. s.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;scopa&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. s.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;marchesii&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. s.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;neobuenekeri&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. s.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;succinea&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia sellowii]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia stockingeri]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia tabularis]]&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. t.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;tabularis&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. t.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;bommeljei&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia tenuicylindrica]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia turbinata]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia turecekiana]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia werdermanniana]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia werneri]]&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. w.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;werneri&#039;&#039;<br /> **** &#039;&#039;P. w.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;pleiocephala&#039;&#039;<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; |<br /> * Phân chi &#039;&#039;Eriocactus&#039;&#039; &lt;span class=&quot;Person&quot;&gt;(Buxb.) F.H.Brandt&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia leninghausii]]&#039;&#039;<br /> ** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia magnifica]]&#039;&#039;<br /> ** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia nigrispina]]&#039;&#039;<br /> ** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia schumanniana]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;P. s.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;schumanniana&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;P. s.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;claviceps&#039;&#039;<br /> ** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia warasii]]&#039;&#039;<br /> | align=&quot;left&quot; |<br /> * Phân chi &#039;&#039;Brasilicactus&#039;&#039; &lt;span class=&quot;Person&quot;&gt;(Buxb.) F.H.Brandt&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia alacriportana]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;P. a.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;alacriportana&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;P. a.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;brevihamata&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;P. a.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;buenekeri&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;P. a.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;catarinensis&#039;&#039;<br /> ** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia haselbergii]]&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;P. h.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;haselbergii&#039;&#039;<br /> *** &#039;&#039;P. h.&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;graessneri&#039;&#039;<br /> ** &#039;&#039;[[Parodia rechensis]]&#039;&#039;<br /> |}<br /> &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Hình ảnh==<br /> &lt;gallery widths=260px&gt;<br /> File:Parodia-herteri-1.jpg|&#039;&#039;[[Parodia herteri]]&#039;&#039;<br /> File:Parodia warasii 03.jpg|&#039;&#039;[[Parodia warasii]]&#039;&#039;<br /> File:Parodia Liberec 1.jpg|Một số loài Parodia tại Vườn sinh học [[Liberec]]<br /> File:Parodia 0085.JPG|Hoa &#039;&#039;[[Parodia leninghausii]]&#039;&#039;<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Chú thích==<br /> {{Tham khảo|30em}}<br /> <br /> ==Tham khảo==<br /> {{thể loại Commons|Parodia}}<br /> {{wikispecies|Parodia}}<br /> * [http://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id105617/ Biolib]<br /> * [http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=1841364 Universal biological indexer]<br /> * {{chú thích sách |last=Anderson |first=Edward F. |year=2001 |title=The Cactus Family |url=https://archive.org/details/cactusfamily0000ande |publication-place=Pentland, Oregon |publisher=Timber Press |isbn=978-0-88192-498-5 }}<br /> * {{chú thích sách |last=Innes |first=Clive| year=1995| contribution=Cacti }} In: {{chú thích sách |last=Innes |first=Clive |last2=Wall |first2=Bill |year=1995 |title=Cacti, Succulents and Bromeliads |publication-place=London |publisher=Cassell for the Royal Horticultural Society |isbn=978-0-304-32076-9 |pages=11–70 }}<br /> <br /> [[Thể loại:Parodia| ]]</div> imported>Plantaest